XFree86(1) XFree86 XFree86(1)
NAME
XFree86 - X11R6 X server
SYNOPSIS
XFree86 [:display] [option ...]
DESCRIPTION
XFree86 is an X server that was originally designed for UNIX and UNIX-like operating systems running on Intel x86 hardware. It now runs on a wider range of hardware and OS platforms. This work is derived from X386 1.2 which was contributed to X11R5 by Snitily Graphics Consulting Service. The cur rent XFree86 release is based on X11R6.3. The XFree86 X server architecture was redesigned for the 4.0 release, and it includes among other things a loadable module sys tem donated by Metro Link, Inc.
CONFIGURATIONS
XFree86 operates under a wide range of operating systems and hardware platforms. The Intel x86 (IA32) architecture is the most widely supported hardware platform. Other hardware platforms include Compaq Alpha, Intel IA64, SPARC and PowerPC. The most widely supported operating systems are the free/OpenSource UNIX-like systems such as Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD. Commercial UNIX operating systems such as Solaris (x86) and UnixWare are also sup ported. Other supported operating systems include LynxOS, and GNU Hurd. Darwin and Mac OS X are supported with the XDarwin(1) X server. Win32/Cygwin is supported with the XWin X server.
NETWORK CONNECTIONS
XFree86 supports connections made using the following reliable byte-streams: Local On most platforms, the "Local" connection type is a UNIX-domain socket. On some System V platforms, the "local" connection types also include STREAMS pipes, named pipes, and some other mechanisms. TCPIP XFree86 listens on port 6000+n, where n is the display number. This connection type can be disabled with the -nolisten option (see the Xserver(1) man page for details).
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
For operating systems that support local connections other than Unix Domain sockets (SVR3 and SVR4), there is a com piled-in list specifying the order in which local 4.2.0 Version 1 XFree86(1) XFree86 XFree86(1) connections should be attempted. This list can be over ridden by the XLOCAL environment variable described below. If the display name indicates a best-choice connection should be made (e.g. :0.0), each connection mechanism is tried until a connection succeeds or no more mechanisms are available. Note: for these OSs, the Unix Domain socket connection is treated differently from the other local connection types. To use it the connection must be made to unix:0.0. The XLOCAL environment variable should contain a list of one more more of the following: NAMED PTS SCO ISC which represent SVR4 Named Streams pipe, Old-style USL Streams pipe, SCO XSight Streams pipe, and ISC Streams pipe, respectively. You can select a single mechanism (e.g. XLOCAL=NAMED), or an ordered list (e.g. XLO_ CAL="NAMED:PTS:SCO"). This variable overrides the com piled-in defaults. For SVR4 it is recommended that NAMED be the first preference connection. The default setting is PTS:NAMED:ISC:SCO. To globally override the compiled-in defaults, you should define (and export if using sh or ksh) XLOCAL globally. If you use startx/xinit, the definition should be at the top of your .xinitrc file. If you use xdm, the defini tions should be early on in the <XRoot>/lib/X11/xdm/Xses_ sion script.
OPTIONS
In addition to the normal server options described in the Xserver(1) manual page, XFree86 accepts the following com mand line switches: vtXX XX specifies the Virtual Terminal device number which XFree86 will use. Without this option, XFree86 will pick the first available Virtual Ter minal that it can locate. This option applies only to platforms such as Linux, BSD, SVR3 and SVR4, that have virtual terminal support. -allowMouseOpenFail Allow the server to start up even if the mouse device can't be opened or initialised. This is equivalent to the AllowMouseOpenFail XF86Config(5) file option. -allowNonLocalModInDev Allow changes to keyboard and mouse settings from 4.2.0 Version 2 XFree86(1) XFree86 XFree86(1) non-local clients. By default, connections from non-local clients are not allowed to do this. This is equivalent to the AllowNonLocalModInDev XF86Config(5) file option. -allowNonLocalXvidtune Make the VidMode extension available to remote clients. This allows the xvidtune client to con nect from another host. This is equivalent to the AllowNonLocalXvidtune XF86Config(5) file option. By default non-local connections are not allowed. -bgamma value Set the blue gamma correction. value must be between 0.1 and 10. The default is 1.0. Not all drivers support this. See also the -gamma, -rgamma, and -ggamma options. -bpp n No longer supported. Use -depth to set the color depth, and use -fbbpp if you really need to force a non-default framebuffer (hardware) pixel format. -configure When this option is specified, the X server loads all video driver modules, probes for available hardware, and writes out an initial XF86Config(5) file based on what was detected. This option cur rently has some problems on some platforms, but in most cases it is a good way to bootstrap the con figuration process. This option is only available when the server is run as root (i.e, with real-uid 0). -crt /dev/ttyXX SCO only. This is the same as the vt option, and is provided for compatibility with the native SCO X server. -depth n Sets the default color depth. Legal values are 1, 4, 8, 15, 16, and 24. Not all drivers support all values. -disableModInDev Disable dynamic modification of input device set tings. This is equivalent to the DisableModInDev XF86Config(5) file option. -disableVidMode Disable the the parts of the VidMode extension (used by the xvidtune client) that can be used to change the video modes. This is equivalent to the DisableVidModeExtension XF86Config(5) file option. 4.2.0 Version 3 XFree86(1) XFree86 XFree86(1) -fbbpp n Sets the number of framebuffer bits per pixel. You should only set this if you're sure it's nec essary; normally the server can deduce the correct value from -depth above. Useful if you want to run a depth 24 configuration with a 24 bpp frame buffer rather than the (possibly default) 32 bpp framebuffer (or vice versa). Legal values are 1, 8, 16, 24, 32. Not all drivers support all val ues. -flipPixels Swap the default values for the black and white pixels. -gamma value Set the gamma correction. value must be between 0.1 and 10. The default is 1.0. This value is applied equally to the R, G and B values. Those values can be set independently with the -rgamma, -bgamma, and -ggamma options. Not all drivers support this. -ggamma value Set the green gamma correction. value must be between 0.1 and 10. The default is 1.0. Not all drivers support this. See also the -gamma, -rgamma, and -bgamma options. -ignoreABI The X server checks the ABI revision levels of each module that it loads. It will normally refuse to load modules with ABI revisions that are newer than the server's. This is because such modules might use interfaces that the server does not have. When this option is specified, mis matches like this are downgraded from fatal errors to warnings. This option should be used with care. -keeptty Prevent the server from detaching its initial con trolling terminal. This option is only useful when debugging the server. Not all platforms sup port (or can use) this option. -keyboard keyboard-name Use the XF86Config(5) file InputDevice section called keyboard-name as the core keyboard. This option is ignored when the Layout section speci fies a core keyboard. In the absence of both a Layout section and this option, the first relevant InputDevice section is used for the core keyboard. 4.2.0 Version 4 XFree86(1) XFree86 XFree86(1) -layout layout-name Use the XF86Config(5) file Layout section called layout-name. By default the first Layout section is used. -logfile filename Use the file called filename as the X server log file. The default log file is /var/log/XFree86.n.log on most platforms, where n is the display number of the X server. The default may be in a different directory on some platforms. This option is only available when the server is run as root (i.e, with real-uid 0). -logverbose [n] Sets the verbosity level for information printed to the X server log file. If the n value isn't supplied, each occurrance of this option incre ments the log file verbosity level. When the n value is supplied, the log file verbosity level is set to that value. The default log file verbosity level is 3. -modulepath searchpath Set the module search path to searchpath. search_ path is a comma separated list of directories to search for X server modules. This option is only available when the server is run as root (i.e, with real-uid 0). -nosilk Disable Silken Mouse support. -pixmap24 Set the internal pixmap format for depth 24 pixmaps to 24 bits per pixel. The default is usu ally 32 bits per pixel. There is normally little reason to use this option. Some client applica tions don't like this pixmap format, even though it is a perfectly legal format. This is equvalent to the Pixmap XF86Config(5) file option. -pixmap32 Set the internal pixmap format for depth 24 pixmaps to 32 bits per pixel. This is usually the default. This is equvalent to the Pixmap XF86Con fig(5) file option. -pointer pointer-name Use the XF86Config(5) file InputDevice section called pointer-name as the core pointer. This option is ignored when the Layout section speci fies a core pointer. In the absence of both a Layout section and this option, the first relevant InputDevice section is used for the core pointer. 4.2.0 Version 5 XFree86(1) XFree86 XFree86(1) -probeonly Causes the server to exit after the device probing stage. The XF86Config file is still used when this option is given, so information that can be auto-detected should be commented out. -quiet Suppress most informational messages at startup. The verbosity level is set to zero. -rgamma value Set the red gamma correction. value must be between 0.1 and 10. The default is 1.0. Not all drivers support this. See also the -gamma, -bgamma, and -ggamma options. -scanpci When this option is specified, the X server scans the PCI bus, and prints out some information about each device that was detected. See also scan pci(1) and pcitweak(1). -screen screen-name Use the XF86Config(5) file Screen section called screen-name. By default the screens referenced by the default Layout section are used, or the first Screen section when there are no Layout sections. -showconfig This is the same as the -version option, and is included for compatibilty reasons. It may be removed in a future release, so the -version options hould be used instead. -weight nnn Set RGB weighting at 16 bpp. The default is 565. This applies only to those drivers which support 16 bpp. -verbose [n] Sets the verbosity level for information printed on stderr. If the n value isn't supplied, each occurrance of this option increments the verbosity level. When the n value is supplied, the ver bosity level is set to that value. The default verbosity level is 0. -version Print out the server version, patchlevel, release date, the operating system/platform it was built on, and whether it includes module loader support. -xf86config file Read the server configuration from file. This option will work for any file when the server is 4.2.0 Version 6 XFree86(1) XFree86 XFree86(1) run as root (i.e, with real-uid 0), or for files relative to a directory in the config search path for all other users.
KEYBOARD
Multiple key presses recognized directly by XFree86 are: Ctrl+Alt+Backspace Immediately kills the server -- no questions asked. This can be disabled with the DontZap XF86Config(5) file option. Ctrl+Alt+Keypad-Plus Change video mode to next one specified in the configuration file. This can be disabled with the DontZoom XF86Config(5) file option. Ctrl+Alt+Keypad-Minus Change video mode to previous one specified in the configuration file. This can be disabled with the DontZoom XF86Config(5) file option. Ctrl+Alt+F1...F12 For BSD and Linux systems with virtual terminal support, these keystroke combinations are used to switch to Virtual Console 1 through 12.
SETUP
XFree86 uses a configuration file called XF86Config for its initial setup. Refer to the XF86Config(5) manual page for information about the format of this file.
FILES
The X server config file can be found in a range of loca tions. These are documented fully in the XF86Config(5) manual page. The most commonly used locations are shown here. /etc/X11/XF86Config Server configuration file /etc/X11/XF86Config-4 Server configuration file /etc/XF86Config Server configuration file /usr/X11R6/etc/XF86Config Server configuration file /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/XF86Config Server configuration file /var/log/XFree86.n.log Server log file for display n. /usr/X11R6/bin/* Client binaries /usr/X11R6/include/* Header files 4.2.0 Version 7 XFree86(1) XFree86 XFree86(1) /usr/X11R6/lib/* Libraries /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/* Fonts /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/rgb.txt Color names to RGB mapping /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/XErrorDB Client error message database /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/app-defaults/* Client resource specifica tions /usr/X11R6/man/man?/* Manual pages /etc/Xn.hosts Initial access control list for display n
SEE ALSO
X(7), Xserver(1), xdm(1), xinit(1), XF86Config(5), xf86config(1), xf86cfg(1), xvidtune(1), apm(4), ati(4), chips(4), cirrus(4), cyrix(4), fbdev(4), glide(4), glint(4), i128(4), i740(4), i810(4), imstt(4), mga(4), neomagic(4), nv(4), r128(4), rendition(4), s3virge(4), siliconmotion(4), sis(4), sunbw2(4), suncg14(4), suncg3(4), suncg6(4), sunffb(4), sunleo(4), suntcx(4), tdfx(4), tga(4), trident(4), tseng(4), v4l(4), vesa(4), vga(4), vmware(4), README <http://www.xfree86.org/current/README.html>, RELNOTES <http://www.xfree86.org/current/RELNOTES.html>, README.mouse <http://www.xfree86.org/current/mouse.html>, README.DRI <http://www.xfree86.org/current/DRI.html>, Status <http://www.xfree86.org/current/Status.html>, Install <http://www.xfree86.org/current/Install.html>.
AUTHORS
XFree86 has many contributors world wide. The names of most of them can be found in the documentation, CHANGELOG files in the source tree, and in the actual source code. XFree86 was originally based on X386 1.2 by Thomas Roell, which was contributed to the then X Consortium's X11R5 distribution by SGCS. The project that became XFree86 was originally founded in 1992 by David Dawes, Glenn Lai, Jim Tsillas and David Wex elblat. XFree86 was later integrated in the then X Consortium's X11R6 release by a group of dedicated XFree86 developers, including the following: Stuart Anderson anderson@metrolink.com 4.2.0 Version 8 XFree86(1) XFree86 XFree86(1) Doug Anson danson@lgc.com Gertjan Akkerman akkerman@dutiba.twi.tudelft.nl Mike Bernson mike@mbsun.mlb.org Robin Cutshaw robin@XFree86.org David Dawes dawes@XFree86.org Marc Evans marc@XFree86.org Pascal Haible haible@izfm.uni-stuttgart.de Matthieu Herrb Matthieu.Herrb@laas.fr Dirk Hohndel hohndel@XFree86.org David Holland davidh@use.com Alan Hourihane alanh@fairlite.demon.co.uk Jeffrey Hsu hsu@soda.berkeley.edu Glenn Lai glenn@cs.utexas.edu Ted Lemon mellon@ncd.com Rich Murphey rich@XFree86.org Hans Nasten nasten@everyware.se Mark Snitily mark@sgcs.com Randy Terbush randyt@cse.unl.edu Jon Tombs tombs@XFree86.org Kees Verstoep versto@cs.vu.nl Paul Vixie paul@vix.com Mark Weaver Mark_Weaver@brown.edu David Wexelblat dwex@XFree86.org Philip Wheatley Philip.Wheatley@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM Thomas Wolfram wolf@prz.tu-berlin.de Orest Zborowski orestz@eskimo.com The current XFree86 core team consists of: Stuart Anderson anderson@metrolink.com Preston Brown pbrown@redhat.com Robin Cutshaw robin@xfree86.org David Dawes dawes@xfree86.org Egbert Eich eich@xfree86.org Marc Evans marc@xfree86.org Dirk Hohndel hohndel@xfree86.org Alan Hourihane alanh@xfree86.org Harald Koenig koenig@xfree86.org Marc La France tsi@xfree86.org Kevin Martin martin@xfree86.org Rich Murphey rich@xfree86.org Takaaki Nomura amadeus@yk.rim.or.jp Keith Packard keithp@xfree86.org Jon Tombs jon@gtex02.us.es Mark Vojkovich markv@xfree86.org David Wexelblat dwex@xfree86.org XFree86 source is available from the FTP server <ftp://ftp.XFree86.org/pub/XFree86/>, among others. Docu mentation and other information can be found from the XFree86 web site <http://www.xfree86.org/>. 4.2.0 Version 9
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