percpu(9) - NetBSD Manual Pages

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PERCPU(9)              NetBSD Kernel Developer's Manual              PERCPU(9)


NAME

     percpu, percpu_alloc, percpu_create, percpu_free, percpu_getref,
     percpu_putref, percpu_foreach, percpu_foreach_xcall -- per-CPU storage
     allocator


SYNOPSIS

     #include <sys/percpu.h>

     typedef void (*percpu_callback_t)(void *, void *, struct cpu_info *);

     percpu_t *
     percpu_alloc(size_t size);

     percpu_t *
     percpu_create(size_t size, percpu_callback_t ctor,
         percpu_callback_t dtor, void *arg);

     void
     percpu_free(percpu_t *pc, size_t size);

     void *
     percpu_getref(percpu_t *pc);

     void
     percpu_putref(percpu_t *pc);

     void
     percpu_foreach(percpu_t *pc, percpu_callback_t cb, void *arg);

     void
     percpu_foreach_xcall(percpu_t *pc, u_int xcflags, percpu_callback_t cb,
         void *arg);


DESCRIPTION

     The machine-independent percpu interface provides per-CPU, CPU-local mem-
     ory reservations to kernel subsystems.  percpu_alloc(size) reserves on
     each CPU an independent memory region of size bytes that is local to that
     CPU, returning a handle (percpu_t) to those regions.  A thread may subse-
     quently ask for a pointer, p, to the region held by the percpu_t on the
     thread's current CPU.  Until the thread relinquishes the pointer, or vol-
     untarily sleeps, the thread may read or write the region at p without
     causing interprocessor memory synchronization.


FUNCTIONS

     percpu_alloc(size)
              Call this in thread context to allocate size bytes of local
              storage on each CPU.  The storage is initialized with zeroes.
              Treat this as an expensive operation.  percpu_alloc() returns a
              handle for the per-CPU storage.

     percpu_create(size, ctor, dtor, arg)
              Like percpu_alloc(), but before any access to the storage on any
              CPU, arrange to call (*ctor)(p, arg, ci), where p is the pointer
              to that CPU's storage and ci is the struct cpu_info * for that
              CPU.  This may happen synchronously in percpu_create() or when a
              CPU is attached later.  Further, arrange that percpu_free() will
              do the same with (*dtor)(p, arg, ci).

              ctor and dtor MAY sleep, e.g. to allocate memory or to wait for
              users to drain before deallocating memory.  Do not rely on any
              particular order of iteration over the CPUs.

     percpu_free(pc, size)
              Call this in thread context to return to the system the per-CPU
              storage held by pc.  size should match the size passed to
              percpu_alloc() or percpu_create().  When percpu_free() returns,
              pc is undefined.  Treat this as an expensive operation.

     percpu_getref(pc)
              Disable preemption and return a pointer to the storage held by
              pc on the local CPU.  Use percpu_getref() in either thread or
              interrupt context.  Follow each percpu_getref() call with a
              matching call to percpu_putref().

              Caller MUST NOT sleep after percpu_getref(), not even on an
              adaptive lock, before percpu_putref().

     percpu_putref(pc)
              Indicate that the thread is finished with the pointer returned
              by the matching call to percpu_getref().  Re-enables preemption.

     percpu_foreach(pc, cb, arg)
              For each CPU, with ci being the corresponding struct cpu_info *
              and p the CPU-local storage held by pc, run (*cb)(p, arg, ci).
              The call to cb runs in the current thread; use
              percpu_foreach_xcall() to execute the call to cb on the remote
              CPUs.

              Must be used in thread context.  cb MUST NOT sleep except on
              adaptive locks, and should be fast.  Do not rely on any particu-
              lar order of iteration over the CPUs.

     percpu_foreach_xcall(pc, xcflags, cb, arg)
              Like percpu_foreach(), except the call to cb executes on the
              remote CPUs.  The xcflags argument specifies how the cross calls
              are invoked; see xc_broadcast(9).  The same caveats and restric-
              tions that apply to percpu_foreach() also apply to
              percpu_foreach_xcall().


CODE REFERENCES

     The percpu interface is implemented within the file
     sys/kern/subr_percpu.c.


SEE ALSO

     atomic_ops(3), kmem(9), pcq(9), pool_cache(9), xcall(9)


HISTORY

     The percpu interface first appeared in NetBSD 6.0.


AUTHORS

     YAMAMOTO Takashi <yamt@NetBSD.org>

NetBSD 10.99                   February 7, 2020                   NetBSD 10.99