URTWN(4) NetBSD Kernel Interfaces Manual URTWN(4)
NAME
urtwn -- Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8192CU USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless net- work device
SYNOPSIS
urtwn* at uhub? port ?
DESCRIPTION
The urtwn driver supports USB 2.0 wireless network devices based on Real- tek RTL8188CUS, RTL8188CE-VAU, RTL8188RU and RTL8192CU chipsets. The RTL8188CUS is a highly integrated 802.11n adapter that combines a MAC, a 1T1R capable baseband and an RF in a single chip. It operates in the 2GHz spectrum only. The RTL8188RU is a high-power variant of the RTL8188CUS. The RTL8188CE-VAU is a PCI Express Mini Card adapter that attaches to the USB interface. The RTL8192CU is a highly integrated multiple-in, multiple-out (MIMO) 802.11n adapter that combines a MAC, a 2T2R capable baseband and an RF in a single chip. It operates in the 2GHz spectrum only. These are the modes the urtwn driver can operate in: BSS mode Also known as infrastructure mode, this is used when asso- ciating with an access point, through which all traffic passes. This mode is the default. monitor mode In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without associating with an access point. This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, or to scan for access points. The urtwn driver can be configured to use Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK). WPA is the de facto encryption standard for wireless networks. It is strongly recommended that WEP not be used as the sole mechanism to secure wireless communica- tion, due to serious weaknesses in it. The urtwn driver can be configured at runtime with ifconfig(8) or on boot with ifconfig.if(5).
FILES
The driver needs the following firmware files, which are loaded when an interface is attached: /libdata/firmware/if_urtwn/rtl8192cfw.bin /libdata/firmware/if_urtwn/rtl8192cfwU.bin
HARDWARE
The following adapters should work: Airlink101 AWLL5088 Aus. Linx AL-9604R1S B-Link BL-LW05-5R Belkin F7D1102 Surf Wireless Micro D-Link DWA-121 D-Link DWA-133 D-Link DWA-135 Digitus DN-7042 Edimax EW-7811Un EDUP EP-N8508 Full River FR-W100NUL Hercules Wireless N USB Pico HWNUp-150 Netgear WNA1000A Planex GW-USEco300 Planex GW-USNano2 Planex GW-USValue-EZ Planex GW-USWExtreme POWCHIP POW-N18 Sitecom WL-365 Solwise NET-WL-UMD-606N TRENDnet TEW-648UBM
EXAMPLES
The following ifconfig.if(5) example configures urtwn0 to join whatever network is available on boot, using WEP key ``0x1deadbeef1'', channel 11, obtaining an IP address using DHCP: nwkey 0x1deadbeef1 chan 11 dhcp Configure urtwn0 to join network ``my_net'' using WPA with passphrase ``my_passphrase'': # ifconfig urtwn0 nwid my_net wpakey my_passphrase Join an existing BSS network, ``my_net'': # ifconfig urtwn0 192.168.1.1 netmask 0xffffff00 nwid my_net
DIAGNOSTICS
urtwn%d: error %d, could not read firmware %s For some reason, the driver was unable to read the microcode file from the filesystem. The file might be missing or corrupted. urtwn%d: device timeout A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmis- sion did not complete in time. The driver will reset the hardware. This should not happen.
SEE ALSO
arp(4), netintro(4), usb(4), ifconfig.if(5), wpa_supplicant.conf(5), ifconfig(8), wpa_supplicant(8)
HISTORY
The urtwn device driver first appeared in OpenBSD 4.9 and in NetBSD 7.0.
AUTHORS
The urtwn driver was written by Damien Bergamini <damien@openbsd.org> for OpenBSD and ported to NetBSD by NONAKA Kimihiro <nonaka@netbsd.org>.
CAVEATS
The urtwn driver does not support any of the 802.11n capabilities offered by the adapters. Additional work is required in ieee80211(9) before those features can be supported. NetBSD 6.1.2 June 13, 2012 NetBSD 6.1.2
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