UVM_MAP(9) NetBSD Kernel Developer's Manual UVM_MAP(9)
NAME
uvm_map -- virtual address space management interface
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/param.h> #include <uvm/uvm.h> int uvm_map(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t *startp, vsize_t size, struct uvm_object *uobj, voff_t uoffset, vsize_t align, uvm_flag_t flags); void uvm_unmap(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end); int uvm_map_pageable(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end, bool new_pageable, int lockflags); bool uvm_map_checkprot(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end, vm_prot_t protection); int uvm_map_protect(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end, vm_prot_t new_prot, bool set_max); int uvm_map_protect_user(struct lwp *l, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end, vm_prot_t new_prot); int uvm_deallocate(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vsize_t size); struct vmspace * uvmspace_alloc(vaddr_t min, vaddr_t max); void uvmspace_exec(struct lwp *l, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end); struct vmspace * uvmspace_fork(struct vmspace *vm); void uvmspace_free(struct vmspace *vm); void uvmspace_share(struct proc *p1, struct proc *p2); vaddr_t uvm_uarea_alloc(void); void uvm_uarea_free(vaddr_t uaddr); vaddr_t uvm_uarea_system_alloc(void); void uvm_uarea_system_free(vaddr_t uaddr);
DESCRIPTION
The UVM facility for virtual address space management.
FUNCTIONS
uvm_map() establishes a valid mapping in map map, which must be unlocked. The new mapping has size size, which must be a multiple of PAGE_SIZE. The uobj and uoffset arguments can have four meanings: · When uobj is NULL and uoffset is UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, uvm_map() does not use the machine-dependent PMAP_PREFER function. · When uobj is NULL and uoffset is any other value, it is used as the hint to PMAP_PREFER. · When uobj is not NULL and uoffset is UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, uvm_map() finds the offset based upon the virtual address, passed as startp. · When uobj is not NULL and uoffset is any other value, then a reg- ular mapping is performed at this offset. The start address of the map will be returned in startp. If uobj is supplied, then uvm_map() consumes the caller's reference to uobj on success; uvm_unmap() will release it when removing this mapping. On failure, uvm_map() leaves the reference count of uobj unmodified. align specifies alignment of mapping unless UVM_FLAG_FIXED is specified in flags. align must be a power of 2. flags passed to uvm_map() are typically created using the UVM_MAPFLAG(vm_prot_t prot, vm_prot_t maxprot, vm_inherit_t inh, int advice, int flags) macro, which uses the following values. The values that prot and maxprot can take are: UVM_PROT_NONE No protection bits. UVM_PROT_R Read. UVM_PROT_W Write. UVM_PROT_X Exec. UVM_PROT_MASK Mask to extraction the protection bits. Additionally, the following constants for ORed values are available: UVM_PROT_RW, UVM_PROT_RX, UVM_PROT_WX and UVM_PROT_RWX. The values that inh can take are: UVM_INH_SHARE Share the map. UVM_INH_COPY Copy the map. UVM_INH_NONE No inheritance. UVM_INH_MASK Mask to extract inherit flags. The values that advice can take are: UVM_ADV_NORMAL "Normal" use. UVM_ADV_RANDOM "Random" access likelihood. UVM_ADV_SEQUENTIAL "Sequential" access likelihood. UVM_ADV_MASK Mask to extract the advice flags. The values that flags can take are: UVM_FLAG_FIXED Attempt to map on the address specified by startp. Otherwise, it is used just as a hint. UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY Establish overlay. UVM_FLAG_NOMERGE Do not merge map entries, if such merge is possi- ble. UVM_FLAG_COPYONW Use copy-on-write i.e. do not fault in the pages immediately. UVM_FLAG_AMAPPAD Used for BSS: allocate larger amap, if extending is likely. UVM_FLAG_TRYLOCK Fail if cannot acquire the lock immediately. UVM_FLAG_NOWAIT Not allowed to sleep. Fail, in such case. UVM_FLAG_QUANTUM Indicates that map entry cannot be split once mapped. UVM_FLAG_WAITVA Sleep until VA space is available, if it is not. UVM_FLAG_VAONLY Unmap only VA space. Used by uvm_unmap(). UVM_FLAG_UNMAP Any existing entries in the range for this map- ping should be unmapped as part of creating the new mapping. Use of this flag without also spec- ifying UVM_FLAG_FIXED is a bug. The UVM_MAPFLAG macro arguments can be combined with an or operator. There are several special purpose macros for checking protection combina- tions, e.g., the UVM_PROT_WX. There are also some additional macros to extract bits from the flags. The UVM_PROTECTION, UVM_INHERIT, UVM_MAXPROTECTION and UVM_ADVICE macros return the protection, inheri- tance, maximum protection, and advice, respectively. uvm_map() returns zero on success or error number otherwise. uvm_unmap() removes a valid mapping, from start to end, in map map, which must be unlocked. uvm_map_pageable() changes the pageability of the pages in the range from start to end in map map to new_pageable. uvm_map_pageable() returns zero on success or error number otherwise. uvm_map_checkprot() checks the protection of the range from start to end in map map against protection. This returns either true or false. uvm_map_protect() changes the protection start to end in map map to new_prot, also setting the maximum protection to the region to new_prot if set_max is true. This function returns a standard UVM return value. uvm_map_protect_user() verifies that the new permissions honor PAX restrictions if applicable and forwards to uvm_map_protect() on passing. uvm_deallocate() deallocates kernel memory in map map from address start to start + size. uvmspace_alloc() allocates and returns a new address space, with ranges from min to max. uvmspace_exec() either reuses the address space of thread l (its process) if there are no other references to it, or creates a new one with uvmspace_alloc(). The range of valid addresses in the address space is reset to start through end. uvmspace_fork() creates and returns a new address space based upon the vm address space, typically used when allocating an address space for a child process. uvmspace_free() lowers the reference count on the address space vm, free- ing the data structures if there are no other references. uvmspace_share() causes process p2 to share the address space of p1. uvm_uarea_alloc() allocates memory for a u-area (i.e. kernel stack, PCB, etc) and returns the address. uvm_uarea_free() frees a u-area allocated with uvm_uarea_alloc(). uvm_uarea_system_alloc() and uvm_uarea_system_free() are optimized rou- tines, which are used for kernel threads.
SEE ALSO
pmap(9), uvm(9), uvm_km(9), vmem(9)
HISTORY
UVM and uvm_map first appeared in NetBSD 1.4. NetBSD 10.1 May 20, 2017 NetBSD 10.1
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